Graphics (also called illustrations or artwork) form a fundamental part of multimedia materials, be they pictures, drawings, diagrams, charts, graphs, photographs, paintings, cartoons, or maps. Indeed, one would be hard pressed to attach the label "multimedia" to an instructional program that doesn't contain any graphics. Educational and psychological research studies of many kinds, conducted over many years, have irrefutably established the effectiveness and importance of graphics in teaching and learning. p. 1 of 7